The electrical substation is a network of electrical equipment which is connected in a structured way in order to supply electricity to end consumers. There is numerous electrical substation components like outgoing and incoming circuitry each of which having its circuit breakers, isolators, transformers, and busbar system etc for the smooth functioning of the system. The power system is having numerous ingredients such as distribution, transmission, and generation systems and Substations act as a necessary ingredient for operations of the power system. The substations are entities from which consumers are getting their electrical supply to run their loads while required power quality can be delivered to the customers by changing frequency and voltage levels etc..

The electricity substation designs are purely dependent on the need, for instance, a single bus or complex bus system etc. Moreover, the design is also dependent on the application as well, for instance, indoor substations, generation substations, transmission substations, pole substations, outdoor substation, converter substation, and switching substation etc. There is a need of collector substation as well in cases of large power generating systems e.g. multiple thermal and hydropower plants connected together for transfer of power to a single transmission unit from numerous co-located turbines.